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OBJECTIVE To pr ovide theoretic support for Guiyang to scientifically guide the development of drug retail industry and implement national health policies . METHODS The data were collected through statistical yearbook ，data cloud ， coordinate acquisition device of Application Programming Interface of Baidu map and so on. The spatial distribution characteristics and accessibility of medical insurance designated retail pharmacies （shorted for “designated pharmacies ”）in Guiyang were analyzed by spatial analysis based on Geographic Information System. The related factors for the distribution of designated pharmacies in Guiyang were analyzed by statistical method. RESULTS The number of designated pharmacies ，designated pharmacies per thousand people and designated pharmacies per 10 km2 in Guiyang increased from 2 018，0.41 and 2.51 in 2020 to 2 500，0.42 and 3.11 in 2021，with growth rates of 23.89％，2.44％ and 23.90％ respectively. The service area of the designated pharmacies that residents of Guiyang reached within 15 minutes on foot was 10.27％ of the total service area of designated pharmacies in Guiyang. The results of correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between the regional gross regional production ，total retail sales of consumer goods ，population，urban per capita disposable income and the number of designated pharmacies in Guiyang were 0.999，0.999，0.977 and 0.992，respectively （all P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The distribution of designated pharmacies is insufficient in Guiyang ，the development of designated pharmacies in various administrative regions is uneven ，and the layout of pharmacies is significantly affected by economic and demographic factors. It is suggested that the local government should explore the strategy of scientifically and reasonably expanding the coverage of designated pharmacies in urban and rural areas，promote the rational layout of pharmacies with appropriate economic and demographic policies ，and pay attention to improving the service capacity of designated pharmacies ，so as to improve the quality of life of the people and guide the healthy and high-quality development of drug retail industry.
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Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of Ki67 and mitosis karyorrhexis index（MKI）in ganglioneuroblastoma（GNB）.Methods Clinical materials and histology slides from 28 patients with GNB were reviewed.MKI was counted under microscope and the expression of Ki67 protein in GNB was evaluated by immuohistochemical technique.The follow-up data were also collected and statistically analyzed.Results There were 15 patients with favourite prognosis（favourite subgroup,FS） and 13 patients with poor prognosis（unfavourite subgroup,US）.The survival time of GNB patient in FS was significantly longer than that in US（P 0.05）.The survival time is related to pathology classification（P 0.05）.MKI was correlated with advanced clinical stage,pathology classification and survival time（P 0.001）.No significant difference in Ki67 expression was found between low and high MKI patients.Conclusion MKI might be a reliable prognostic parameter for making diagnosis and evaluating prognosis of GNB.Detection of Ki67 expression might be not useful for evaluating the prognosis of GNB.
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Aging changes of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) -immuno reactive neurons in the locus coeruleus were examined in young (3 month-old). adult(12 month-old) and aged(20 month-old) Wistar male rats, using the IGSS method and image quantitative analysis. The results obtained are as follows: ① The number of TH-immunoreactive neurons docreased markedly (P
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After carbon bisulfide, benzol, lead acetate saturation fluid, mercurric bichloride saturation fluid and alcohol were injected respectively in the infraorbital nerve on one side in 29 adult rats, the pathological changes in trigeminal ganglion were studied microscopically and electromicroscopically. The results showed these neurotoxins had a retrograde effect on the cell body through the peripheral process of ganglion cell, inducing different pathological changes in cell body. In addition, we studied the slices using the method mentioned above, after physiological saline solution was injected in the infraorbital nerve or it was cut. It was proved that the pathological changes of ganglion cell in the first experiment were not induced by the change of tension or mechanical damage. They were the result of poisoning as compared with the result of the second experiment.
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The segment length,the length of dorsal root attachment of each segment of the spinal cord of 10 adult men were measured.The cross sections from 4 specimens were stained with 1% osmic acid and the area of each section was measured with a com- pensating polar planimeter after being magnified 10 diameters.The segment volume was obtained by multiplying the segment length by the cross-sectlon area. The results shows that the length of spinal cords in Chinese are essentially the same as those from European and Japanese.They are approximately 44cm.in length. The length of each part of the cord in Chinese,European and Japanese were compared. The length of each part of the cord in Chinese and European are essentially alike,but the length of lumbar cord of Japanese appears to be slightly longer. The results show that the weight of the segment was closely related to the segment length. The coronal diameter of each segment is longer than the sagittal diameter,especial- ly it is true in the cervical enlargement.The longest coronal and sagittal diameters are found in the cervical enlargement,the next are in the lumbar enlargement,and the shortest are in the thoracic segment. The volume of the cervical segment and the lumbo-sacral segment is closely rela- ted to their cross-section area particularly to the area of their white matter. The volume of the gray matter of the cervical and the lumbo-sacral segments has a close relation to the gray matter area of the same segment,but that of the thoracic segment is related to its length. It is quite obvious that the volume of the white matter of both the cervical and lumbar enlargements reaches its highest value at segments higher than that of the gray matter,which may indicate that the increase in volume in the gray and white matter are dependent upon each other.
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Changes in SOM-like neurons of the hippocampal formation were investigated inWistar male rats(young-2 months old;adult-10 months old;aged-24 months old)by using the combination of the IGSS method and image quantitative analysis.The following results were obtained:1.Number of SOM-like neurons decreased markedly(P
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Thirteen albino rats with body weight approximately from 0.4～0.6 kg were used in the experiment. Each was injected with 0.1 ?l of 30％ HRP (Sigma Type Ⅵ) solution into one of several portions of the cingulate gyrus. Two days after the injection, the animals were sacrificed and processed with Nauta's DAB and Edward's O-D methods. The results were as follows:1. Area 25 and 32 receive the fibers from areas 3, 1, 2 and globus pallidus on the ipsilateral side, and from areas 10, and 24, caudoputamen nucleus, lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus, intercavernous nucleus of the stria terminalis on both sides. The labeled cells were also found in areas 25 and 32 on contralateral side.2. Area 24 receives fibers from area 32 and the lateral part of the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus on the ipsilateral side, and from area 10, the anterior olfactory nucleus, caudoputamen nucleus, and septal nucleus on both sides and from areas 4 and 24 on the contralateral side.3. Areas 23 and 29 receive the fibers from areas 24,17, and 18 on the ipsilateral side, and from areas 23,29,32,25 and rostral part of the linear nucleus on the contralateral side.The results prove that the cingulate area widely receives the afferent fibers from cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus and midbrain.